In the world of self-publishing, the debate rages about whether book indexing software can genuinely replace the art of manual indexing. Book indexing software, while offering efficiency, needs to catch up in capturing the subtleties and nuances of a book’s content. Automated tools, driven by algorithms, often need help understanding the context and intricacies. In contrast, manual indexing, guided by human interpretation, provides a deeper understanding of an author’s intent and the text’s essence. It allows the flexibility to create customised indexes catering to specific audiences and content requirements.
Additionally, manual indexing ensures rigorous quality control, as human indexers can review and refine the index for accuracy and relevance. If you are committed to delivering a superior reading experience, manual indexing remains an essential choice, enhancing the quality and accessibility of your work. As we navigate through the layers of this discussion, you will gain insights into the precision, context and human touch that manual indexing brings, especially in the hands of a professional indexer.
This article will explore why you should consider the merits of manual indexing over its digital counterpart. Moreover, you will also learn about the types of book indexing software and why a professional indexer is your go-to option any time, any day. Keep reading!
- What is indexing?
- Why book indexing software cannot compose an index?
- Book indexing software: An aid, not a replacement
- Why does manual indexing work best with a professional indexer?
- What are the benefits of hiring professional book indexing services for your manuscript as compared to book indexing software?
- How do I find professional book indexing services?
- What is the cost of professional indexing services?
What is indexing?
Indexing is a process of systematically organising and categorising content to enhance its searchability and accessibility. It plays a crucial role in helping users find information efficiently, both in physical documents and in digital contexts like websites and databases. An index, typically found at the end of a book, compiles a list of terms, concepts, or topics mentioned within the text, along with corresponding references, such as page numbers. This alphabetical list allows readers to navigate the document and locate specific information. In the digital world, where search engines are prevalent, indexing involves creating a structured database that facilitates swift information retrieval.
Why book indexing software cannot compose an index?
To streamline the document indexing process, book indexing software emerges as an alluring solution, holding the promise of automating what can be an uphill task. The concept is undeniably enticing, as these programs can rapidly process substantial volumes of text, swiftly identifying keywords and neatly arranging them with page references. In specific scenarios, such as straightforward database indexing, indexing software can enhance efficiency.
However, the allure of automation masks the stark reality: the limitations of book indexing software. In fact, it is in these limitations that we discover a significant discrepancy between the promise and the practicality of such tools. Indexing software operates on a logic that thrives in chess, where finite moves can be systematically analysed. Yet, when applied to the intricate art of book indexing, the software encounters insurmountable challenges, primarily rooted in its inability to understand the concept of ‘aboutness.’
The human understanding of ‘aboutness’ lacking in book indexing software
One fundamental aspect where human understanding surpasses indexing software is the ability to grasp the concept of ‘aboutness.’ Aboutness means that humans can understand the topic of a page without simple keywords or phrases. We can differentiate the subject matter, even when it is not explicitly stated. Human understanding stems from our capacity to understand context, subtleties, synonyms, metaphors and various figures of speech.
In contrast, book indexing software is less creative and needs more capacity to recognise nuances. Therefore, it is heavily reliant on simple keyword matches. This deficiency results in omitting numerous relevant entries, references, subentries and cross-references, as the software needs help understanding the context.
The challenge of polysemy in book indexing software
Polysemy is a linguistic puzzle where one word holds multiple meanings. Take the word ‘key,’ for example. It can open doors, but it can also strike a chord on a piano or lead you to a sunny spot in Key West. This complicated nature of words makes the art of book indexing a complex task for both humans and indexing software.
When it comes to professional indexers, they bring a unique skill to the table. They do not just rely on a single keyword; they are like word detectives, scanning the context to determine which word’s meaning fits the story. Indexers can grasp that in a text about music, ‘key’ means a musical note, while in a travel guide, it is about a location. This flexibility is a result of their deep understanding of language nuances.
On the other hand, book indexing software faces a real challenge when dealing with polysemy. Book indexing programs follow strict rules and often take the literal route, matching words without context. This can lead to confusion and inaccuracies in the index, as it might only sometimes choose the correct meaning.
The problem with polysemy illustrates how language complexity can stump machines. This highlights the irreplaceable role of human indexers who bring a nuanced understanding of words and their shades of meaning. It is a reminder that, in the world of book indexing, sometimes, human intuition and linguistic finesse remain unmatched by book indexing software solutions.
The intellectual and analytical demands of indexing
Indexing might seem like matching words to page numbers, but it is more like solving a puzzle, where every piece of the puzzle is a word, and the big picture is the content of a book. This task calls for some amazing intellectual and analytical skills.
Human indexers are like language detectives. They do not just pick words and slap them into an index. Professional indexers read, think and understand. They make judgments about what words are essential and which ones are less important. It is like being a chef who decides which ingredients make a dish taste just right. They put themselves in the reader’s shoes, imagining how someone searching for information might think.
It gets even more intricate when you need to connect related ideas. For instance, if a book mentions ‘dogs,’ ‘canines’ and ‘pooches,’ a human indexer knows they are all about our furry friends. They can create cross-references, guiding readers to the right page. This takes some serious mental gymnastics.
Book indexing software, on the other hand, follows a set of rules without a higher-level understanding of their implications. It is like a robot sorting puzzle pieces by colour without knowing what the final picture looks like. It can do some basic tasks but cannot make the critical judgement or recognise the connections between ideas.
Embracing synonyms and metaphors in indexing
Human language often relies on synonyms, metaphors and various figures of speech to convey ideas. We can discuss a topic without using specific terms, depending on context and nuance to convey meaning. In indexing, this is called an implicit term. Computers, however, still need to be equipped for this level of linguistic sophistication, at least not yet. This is where the distinction between artificial intelligence and human intelligence becomes evident.
Book indexing software: An aid, not a replacement
Imagine you have a toolbox filled with all the essential tools for a specific job. In indexing, book indexing software is one of these tools, a handy gadget that can make the job easier. It is designed to assist human indexers by speeding up specific tasks and maintaining order during the indexing process.
Book indexing software is like the GPS for an indexer, helping them navigate the vast terrain of a book. It keeps track of the index entries, arranges them neatly and ensures they point readers in the right direction. This tool can save time, reduce errors and make the whole process more efficient, especially when dealing with large volumes of text.
However, it is essential to remember that indexing software has its limitations. It is like a dependable car, but it cannot drive itself. It can only partially replace human intuition and understanding. While it excels at tasks like organising and managing entries, it needs help with the intellectual and analytical aspects of indexing.
Book indexing software is a valuable aid, not a replacement, for human indexers. It is like having a trusty assistant, but the indexer brings wisdom, judgment and language finesse. The unique human ability to interpret ‘aboutness,’ handle polysemy and appreciate the nuances of language is where indexing software falls short.
Why does manual indexing work best with a professional indexer?
To understand why book indexing software falls short compared to manual indexing, it is crucial to dig deep into the role of a professional indexer as far as manual indexing is concerned. A professional indexer brings a unique set of skills and contextual understanding to the table, which automated software struggles to replicate.
Here are some of the reasons why manual indexing works well with a professional indexer:
- Knowledge of the material: One of the primary reasons why professional indexers are irreplaceable is their deep understanding of the material they are indexing. Whether it is a complex academic text, a technical manual, or a novel, a professional indexer can comprehend the nuances, the subject matter and the context, which is crucial for creating a meaningful index.
- Critical thinking: Professional indexers apply critical thinking and judgment to decide what terms to include in the index. They consider not just the frequency of a term but also its importance to the overall understanding of the content. This level of discernment is beyond the capabilities of the software.
- Adaptability: Books come in various forms, from technical manuals to literary works. Professional indexers have the flexibility and adaptability to create indexes that suit the specific requirements of the content, ensuring that the index complements the material.
What are the benefits of hiring professional book indexing services for your manuscript as compared to book indexing software?
Creating a well-structured, user-friendly index in your manuscript is a crucial step among the editorial services. It ensures that readers can easily navigate your content. While some may consider relying on book indexing software, there are distinct advantages to enlisting the expertise of professional book indexing services.
Contextual understanding
Professional indexers bring a profound understanding of the material they are working with. They dive deep into the content, comprehending the context, subject matter and nuances that automated software may miss. This level of contextual understanding ensures that your index accurately reflects the essence of your manuscript, making it more user-friendly and effective.
Accurate and relevant index
When you hire professional book indexing services, you can expect an index that goes beyond the mere presence of keywords. These experts employ critical thinking to discern the importance of specific terms within the content. They do not just index every occurrence of a word but instead index what truly matters. This results in an index that provides readers with relevant and accurate information.
User-centric approach
Professional indexers keep your readers in mind. They anticipate what your readers might seek in the index and create an index that is a practical tool for them. It is not just about listing words and page numbers; it is about crafting an index that enhances the reader’s experience. This user-centric approach sets professional indexing apart from automated solutions.
Enhanced readability
A well-structured index enhances the overall readability of your manuscript. It aids readers in finding the information they need quickly, which can make a substantial difference in how your content is received. Professional indexers ensure the index is straightforward, intuitive and seamlessly integrated into your manuscript.
Expertise in diverse content
Whether your manuscript is a technical manual, an academic thesis, a novel, or any other written content, professional indexers have the expertise to adapt to various materials. They understand that different content requires different indexing approaches, and they tailor their services to meet your specific needs.
Time and effort savings
While it may seem tempting to use book indexing software, the time and effort you save by hiring professionals can be significant. Creating an index, especially for lengthy or complex manuscripts, is meticulous and time-consuming. Professional indexers take the burden off your shoulders, allowing you to focus on your core writing and research.
Quality assurance
Professional book indexing services offer a level of quality assurance that automated software cannot match. Human indexers can spot inconsistencies, errors and omissions in your index, ensuring it is error-free and comprehensive.
How do I find professional book indexing services?
Reputable publishers usually either commission professional indexers to create indexes for the books they publish or recommend that authors hire professional indexers. But who are professional indexers? Most likely, they are a member of a trade organisation for indexers, such as:
- the American Society of Indexing,
- the Netherlands Indexers Netwerk,
- the Australia and New Zealand Society of Indexers,
- the Indexing Society of Canada,
- The oldest such organisation, the Society of Indexers, founded in the UK in 1957.
Membership in one of these professional bodies offers a peer network and training, allowing the indexers to keep up with their professional development. Furthermore, it requires the members to abide by the code of conduct, which ensures the indexers conduct their work in line with ethical and qualitative standards.
What is the cost of professional indexing services?
The Society of Indexers (UK & Ireland)
Serving as the exclusive independent professional entity for indexers across the United Kingdom and Ireland, the Society of Indexers associates accrediting indexers and student members working towards an accreditation. The Society recommends book indexing services rates starting from £31.60 an hour, £3.55 per page or £9.55 per thousand words for an index to a non-academic text.
| Organisation | Rate per hour | Rate per page | Rate per 1,000 words |
| The Society of Indexers | £31.60 | £3.55 | £9.55 |
The Indexing Society of Canada
According to a survey carried out by the Indexing Society of Canada, members quoted from C$20 to C$65 per hour, while typeset page fees varied from C$1.85 to C$10, and manuscript page rates fluctuated between C$3 and C$8. The broad range reflects indexers’ various tasks across multiple platforms like books, journals, websites and databases. It also highlights the variety of clients, including trade publishers, university presses, governmental bodies, legal services and web-based platforms.
| Organisation | Rate per hour | Rate per typeset page | Rate per manuscript page |
| The Indexing Society of Canada | C$20–65 | C$1.85–10.00 | C$3–8 |
The Australian and New Zealand Society of Indexers (ANZSI)
The ANZSI suggests a minimum rate of A$70 per hour for proficient indexers. In New Zealand, the current rate stands at NZ$55 per hour. Typically, these rates guide fee calculations for assignments, often presented as client quotes rather than hourly charges. Complex or urgent projects may warrant a higher hourly rate or an extra fee.
| Organisation | Rate per hour |
| The Australian and New Zealand Society of Indexers | A$70 / NZ$55 |
The Association of Southern African Indexers and Bibliographers (ASAIB)
The ASAIB determines book indexing services fees based on the material type and the expertise of an experienced freelance indexer. It is important to note that these figures offer a reference point and may vary. For primary and secondary school textbooks, rates range from R25 to R30 per page, while tertiary-level textbooks fall between R30 and R35 per page. General non-fiction is typically priced at R35 to R38 per page, academic works at R38 to R45 per page and specialised publications at R40 to R48 per page. EPUBs (eBooks) are typically R40 to R45 per page. Indexing speed is influenced by subject knowledge, experience, text complexity and indexable elements like footnotes, endnotes and illustrations.
| The Association of Southern African Indexers and Bibliographers | Rate per page |
| Primary & secondary-level school textbooks | R25–30 |
| Tertiary-level school textbooks | R30–35 |
| General non-fiction | R35–38 |
| Academic works | R38–45 |
| Specialised publications | R40–48 |
| EPUBs | R40–45 |
Negotiation of fees
Before finalising the fee for indexing services, there are vital considerations to remember. The indexer should ideally have the opportunity to review proofs or a few specimen pages to assess the project’s scope. In cases where time constraints make this challenging, the following details should be communicated:
- The subject, length and format of the book.
- The intended readership helps the indexer gauge the level of specialisation required.
- The number of pages or lines allocated for the index.
- The time frame available for completing the index.
- The preferred format for the index (e.g. RTF, HTML, PDF).
- Whether the fee includes incidental expenses or if these will be billed separately.
- Any additional factors affecting the indexing time and rate.
Factors affecting indexing time
Several factors can increase the time required for indexing and, consequently, the cost. These factors include:
- Reference and research texts that demand indexes of equal importance to the content.
- Detailed indexing of figures and tables.
- Content in a foreign language.
- The need to consult reference sources to ensure accurate index entries.
- The requirement to consult with the author.
- Poor-quality proofs or those in an awkward size or format.
- Proofs received out of sequential order.
- Last-minute amendments to proofs.
- Non-standard house style or presentation.
- Embedding tags or inserting hyperlinks.
Pro Tip: These factors are accurately analysed, synthesised and understood by human indexers instead of book indexing software. This answers why book indexing software cannot replace manual indexing.
Final thoughts on book indexing software
The debate surrounding the role of book indexing software versus manual indexing has shed light on a fundamental truth. While technology advances, there are realms where the human touch remains irreplaceable. In the world of publishing, manual indexing is a testament to the indispensable value of professional expertise.
A professional indexer brings a deep understanding of the material, the ability to grasp context and nuances, and the critical thinking required to create accurate, user-centric indexes. They consider the reader’s needs, enhance the manuscript’s readability and adapt their skills to diverse content.
In this age of automation, manual indexing offers not just an organised list of keywords but a holistic approach to information accessibility. It ensures that the index accurately reflects the essence of the manuscript, making it more effective and reader-friendly. While technology has its merits, the quality and finesse of a professionally crafted index cannot be replicated by software. As we navigate the digital age, we must recognise the value of these experts in preserving the integrity of our manuscripts and ensuring that readers can easily access information.
Is this where a professional indexer comes into play?
Yes, this is where a professional indexer comes in. As an author, invest in professional indexing services and see the value and impact of your book grow. A structured index designed by expert indexers empowers readers to trace specific information effortlessly. This enhances their overall reading experience. By outsourcing a professional index, you have spare time to focus on other crucial aspects of writing, editing and even marketing your book. A professional indexer will carefully review your content and select the most relevant keywords and concepts to create a comprehensive and user-friendly index.
Contact me for professional indexing services to ensure your manuscript includes a practical and user-friendly index. You can also ask me for a free sample index (and remember to use my early bird discount). If you want to hear more from me, including self-editing and writing tips, follow me on Mastodon, Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn or join my newsletter.
